Mostrar mensagens com a etiqueta Répuplica do Congo. Mostrar todas as mensagens
Mostrar mensagens com a etiqueta Répuplica do Congo. Mostrar todas as mensagens

terça-feira, 23 de setembro de 2025

Mineração de ouro deixa cicatrizes tóxicas na reserva de Dimonika, no Congo


Acredita-se que estes buracos escancarados no coração da Reserva da Biosfera de Dimonika sejam o resultado da mineração de ouro. Observe esta vasta extensão, recordo que estamos numa reserva estadual,e veja por si mesmo: já não há floresta.
Localizada na República do Congo,a 50 km da costa atlântica, a Reserva da Biosfera de Dimonikacobre 136.000 hectares de floresta. Reconhecida como Património Mundial da UNESCO em 1988,esta área protegida serve como um laboratório vivo: para a conservação da biodiversidade, pesquisa científicae gestão sustentável dos recursos naturais.
Mas, desde a chegada daempresa chinesa City SARLno final de 2023,esta área protegida pode estar perigo. De acordo com os meios de comunicação locais, estas retroescavadeiras já destruíram5 hectares de floresta, o equivalente a sete campos de futebol. Alguns garimpeiros locais receberamc ompensação financeira da empresa para abandonar o local. 
Estes três homens recusaram. Tinham vindo com uma política de dar às pessoas uma pequena quantia [equivalente a 70 dólares] para libertar os lugares para que eles próprios pudessem vir trabalhar. Mas se pudéssemos ficar aqui, trabalharíamos durante décadas. 
Sem terra, esta comunidade local de cerca de 3.000 pessoas também está privada de água potável.O Rio Yanika, que costumava atravessar a área, está agora quase seco. Costumávamos ter fontes de água, fontes de água muito boas. Hoje está tudo amarelo, até tem medo de lavar as mãos nele.
No final de 2024,em resposta às preocupações das comunidades locais, a ONG Congo Nature Conservation recolheu amostras de água. As suas análises laboratoriais mostraram um teor anormalmente elevado de mercúrio. Assim, o nível normal é de 0,00005 mg/l, mas estamos nos 0,007 mg/l, que está bem acimado nível permitido em água doce. Isto é mais de 140 vezes mais do que o habitual.
O mercúrio ficará nos pulmões, no fígado, e, em segundo lugar, pode causar danos às pessoas que consomem essas águas. 
Portanto, é tempo de apontar e interromper a exploração anárquica de ouro nesta reserva de Dimonika. Em Brazzaville, as nossas equipas reuniram com um dos gerentes da empresa chinesa em causa, que negou ser responsável pelos danos. Os danos já eram visíveis antes de chegarmos. É como a chegada de um inquilino: se não houve um inventário feito antes de o inquilino ocupar a casa, e se é feito um inventário só depois de o inquilino já estar alojado, vemo-nos carregando tudo o que veio antes de nós. Os inquilinos anteriores nesta analogia seriam mineiros artesanais do distrito de Mvoutique aqui prospectam ouro há décadas com a autorização das autoridades locais. Alguns recusaram-se a deixar o local diante da empresa mineira e continuam a trabalhar a terra com ferramentas mais rudimentares. O que fazemos num ano, as máquinas chinesas fazem-no numa semana. Com a mineração artesanal de ouro, não conseguimos cortar 10 ou 15 árvores. Com as suas máquinas, arrasam tudo. Então, como vamos alimentar as nossas famílias? E os nossos filhos, como sobreviverão? Perante a escala do desastre, a ministra do Ambiente, Arlette Soudan-Nonault, ordenou a proibição das atividades da empresa em novembro de 2024. Mas, entretanto, a biodiversidade foi severamente danificada, a água está imprópria para consumo e alguns habitantes foram obrigados a fugir.

quinta-feira, 22 de maio de 2025

Allison Russell - Superlover ft. Annie Lennox


Tears of rage tears of grief
Palestine, Israel to Tennessee
We need a Superlove
We need a Superlover

Double Dutch and Hula Hoops
All our fears in loops and loops
We need a Superlove
Need a Superlover

The night so cold
Who among us dreams the Dawn?
Who dreamt us and oh where have they gone?
Who keeps a candle lit for their return?
Who could count the flowers in your heart?

Lord let me die before my Child
Prayed every Mother far and wide
That’s a Superlove
I’m a Superlover

You can feel it near and far
It fades the moon and blinds the stars
That’s a Superlove
Are you a Superlover

Believe what you will
Believe they’re gonna tell you it’s naive
To be a Superlover
But we are Superlovers

There’s no God of fire and blood
If there’s a God, God is Love
We need a Superlove
Are you a Superlover?

Tears of rage tears of grief
Palestine, Israel to Tennessee
Tears of rage tears of grief
Sudan, Congo to Haiti
We need a Superlove
We can be Superlovers

quinta-feira, 25 de fevereiro de 2016

Libetação da chimpanzé Wounda no Congo

 ...é muita genética semelhante e muita história evolutiva comum... 
La difícil labor de rescate y rehabilitación de chimpancés por parte del equipo del Instituto Jane Goodall en la República del Congo brinda a veces el mejor de los premios para todos: poder reintroducir un chimpancé en una selva protegida, devolviéndole la oportunidad que nuestra propia especie le había quitado. Más información en la web del Instituto Jane Goodall España

Todas as Postagens sobre Jane Goodall no Bioterra

sexta-feira, 27 de maio de 2011

Gimme Shelter (The Rolling Stones) feat. Taj Mahal

"Gimme Shelter" é uma canção que queríamos gravar há anos. Esta canção expressa a urgência que todos enfrentamos de nos unirmos como planeta e oferece-nos sabedoria com os versos: "Guerra, crianças, está a um tiro de distância... Amor, irmã, está a um beijo de distância". É realmente tão simples quanto isso. Dedicamos esta música a todas as pessoas perdidas, sem-abrigo e esquecidas deste mundo. É no abrigo uns dos outros que as pessoas vivem.

[Verse 1]
Oh a storm is threat'ning
My very life today
If I don't get some shelter
Oh yes, I'm gonna fade away

[Verse 2]
War children, it's just a shot away
It's just a shot away
War children, it's just a shot away
It's just a shot away

[Verse 3]
Oh, see the fire is sweepin'
Our very street today
Burns like a red coal carpet
Mad bull lost its way

[Verse 2]

[Verse 1]

[Verse 2]

[Verse 4] 7X
It's just a shot away

[Verse 5]
He may love my brother, it's just a kiss away
It's just a kiss away
He may love my brother, it's just a kiss away
It's just a kiss away [5X]
It's just some love away [4X]

Músicos e Localizações
  1. Taj Mahal: Voz e Harmónica (EUA)
  2. Sierra Leone's Refugee All Stars: Voz e Instrumentos (Serra Leoa)
  3. Massamba Diop: Talking Drum (Senegal)
  4. Roselyn Williams: Voz (Kingston, Jamaica)
  5. Sherieta Lewis: Voz (Jamaica)
  6. Washboard Chaz: Tábua de lavar/Percussão (Nova Orleães, EUA)
  7. Char: Guitarra Elétrica (Tóquio, Japão)
  8. Roberto Luti: Guitarra Slide (Itália)
  9. Mermans Mosengo: Voz (Congo)
  10. Jason Tamba: Voz e Guitarra (Congo)
  11. Courtney "Bam" Diedrick: Bateria (Jamaica)

quinta-feira, 30 de julho de 2009

Is Peak Oil Real? A List of Countries Past Their Peak Oil Production



Posted by Gail the Actuary
in Planet Thoughts

Only 14 of the 54 oil producing nations in the world are still increasing their oil production. The era of cheap oil is definitively over.
This is a guest post by Praveen Ghanta, known on The Oil Drum as "praveen". Praveen is an IT consultant in Atlanta, with degrees in economics and computer science. This was originally posted on Praveen's blog, at truecostblog.com.


Is peak oil real? The BP Statistical Review of World Energy provides the data needed to answer this question. Using the 2009 edition, I have compiled a list of all oil producing countries and regions in the world, along with the production status of each, ordered by year of peak production. BP groups minor producers into categories like "Other Africa", and "Other Middle East", and that notation is used here. All production numbers are quoted in thousands of barrels/day.
Country Peak Prod. 2008 Prod. % Off Peak Peak Year
United States 11297 7337 -35% 1970
Venezuela 3754 2566 -32% 1970
Libya 3357 1846 -45% 1970
Other Middle East 79 33 -58% 1970
Kuwait 3339 2784 -17% 1972
Iran 6060 4325 -29% 1974
Indonesia 1685 1004 -41% 1977
Romania 313 99 -68% 1977
Trinidad & Tobago 230 149 -35% 1978
Iraq 3489 2423 -31% 1979
Brunei 261 175 -33% 1979
Tunisia 118 89 -25% 1980
Peru 196 120 -39% 1982
Cameroon 181 84 -54% 1985
Other Europe & Eurasia 762 427 -44% 1986
Russian Federation 11484 9886 -14% 1987*
Egypt 941 722 -23% 1993
Other Asia Pacific 276 237 -14% 1993
India 774 766 -1% 1995*
Syria 596 398 -33% 1995
Gabon 365 235 -36% 1996
Argentina 890 682 -23% 1998
Colombia 838 618 -26% 1999
United Kingdom 2909 1544 -47% 1999
Rep. of Congo (Brazzaville) 266 249 -6% 1999*
Uzbekistan 191 111 -42% 1999
Australia 809 556 -31% 2000
Norway 3418 2455 -28% 2001
Oman 961 728 -24% 2001
Yemen 457 305 -33% 2002
Other S. & Cent. America 153 138 -10% 2003*
Mexico 3824 3157 -17% 2004
Malaysia 793 754 -5% 2004*
Vietnam 427 317 -26% 2004
Denmark 390 287 -26% 2004
Other Africa 75 54 -28% 2004*
Nigeria 2580 2170 -16% 2005*
Chad 173 127 -27% 2005*
Italy 127 108 -15% 2005*
Ecuador 545 514 -6% 2006*
Saudi Arabia 11114 10846 -2% 2005 / Growing
Canada 3320 3238 -2% 2007 / Growing
Algeria 2016 1993 -1% 2007 / Growing
Equatorial Guinea 368 361 -2% 2007 / Growing
China 3795 3795 - Growing
United Arab Emirates 2980 2980 - Growing
Brazil 1899 1899 - Growing
Angola 1875 1875 - Growing
Kazakhstan 1554 1554 - Growing
Qatar 1378 1378 - Growing
Azerbaijan 914 914 - Growing
Sudan 480 480 - Growing
Thailand 325 325 - Growing
Turkmenistan 205 205 - Growing
Peaked / Flat Countries Total - 49597 - 60.6% of world oil production
Growing Countries Total - 32223 - 39.4% of world oil production
Only 14 out of 54 oil producing countries and regions in the world continue to increase production, while 30 are definitely past their production peak, and the remaining 10 appear to have flat or declining production [1]. Put another way, peak oil is real in 61% of the oil producing world when weighted by production. Since 2008 capped a record run for oil prices, most countries and oil companies were trying all-out to increase production. While a handful of producers (think Iraq) might be limited by above-ground factors, the majority of producers simply couldn't do any better in 2008 [2].
The evidence of the demise of the cheap oil era has become insurmountable. In the face of the highest oil prices on record, the great majority of the world's oil producers were incapable of taking advantage and producing more oil. Many nations including the US saw their oil production peak decades ago - there simply is no turning the clock back. This list shows that we are relying on a small number of countries to keep providing cheap oil. We need to move faster to alternatives and greater energy efficiency, before the last fourteen peak as well.
* More information on these countries:
  • Russian Federation - Russia's oil production collapsed by the early 90's as the Soviet Union collapsed, but despite a decade of growth, Russia's own oil execs don't think the old peak can be surpassed.
  • India's production appeared to plateau in 1995, and has stayed within a steady range since. The EIA forecasts Indian oil production to remain flat or decline slightly in the near future.
  • Republic of Congo (Brazzaville) hit a production plateau in 1998, though current production is still very close to 1999 peak levels.
  • Other Central & South America - The remaining countries of the Americas hit a production peak in 2003, though it's still too soon to know if this will be final peak.
  • Malaysia has been on a production plateau since 1995, and the EIA projects flat or falling production.
  • Other Africa - Oil production in much of Africa is potentially impacted by above-ground constraints, so it's definitely possible that production will rise here. It will rise from a low base of only 50,000 bpd however, and may not have much impact on total world production.
  • Nigeria is impacted by domestic insurgencies in its oil-producing regions, and may be able to lift production if the political situation improves.
  • Chad's oil production history is too short to definitively identify a peak in production, but the drop-off since 2005 has been dramatic.
  • Italy has been on a production plateau for over 10 years, and it's unlikely that a mature economy is significantly under-exploiting its resource potential.
  • Ecuador's production grew rapidly until 2004, but has leveled off and declined somewhat since then.
[1] To be considered past-peak, a producer's current (2008) production has to be at least 10% less than its best year, and the best year must have occurred prior to 2005. Some countries' production has been artificially constrained by political and other non-geological considerations. But in some of these cases, it will be difficult to pass an old peak because decades of depletion have occurred since that peak. Iraq peaked in 1979, making it all the more difficult to pass that now.
[2] While OPEC maintains formal production quotas, it is widely believed that only Saudi Arabia had true spare capacity in 2008, while all other OPEC nations were producing at capacity. The truth is unclear, since OPEC nations do not provide detailed reserve statistics for their oil fields.
Total [oil company] has created its own short list of oil producers past peak, and Wikipedia has a list here.
Source: The Oil Drum